Method of shaping edges for fusion welding



H. J. GROW METHOD OF SHAPING EDGES FOR FUSION WELDENG Filed Nov. 30, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l 7: z INKIENTQR fl w,

A TTORNE V Bee. 30, 1930.

Dec. 30, 1930; 'H.J. GROW 1,7 7,247

7 33d INVbNTOR BY yi each oxygen jet is uninterrupted in its re- Patented Dec. 192:;

UNITED STA S: PATENT oFn-cr.

HAROLD .1. snow, or nas'r onmen, imwmnsnmnssmnon 'ro AIR nnnuc'rxon COMPANY, mcoarona'rnn, or NEW your, 1. 2., A comm-non on NEW YORK ME'I.H IOD F SHAPING EDGES FOB FUSION WELDING- Application filed November a0, 1929. sriai- R0. 410,672.

The invention relates to a method of shap-- ing" the edges of ferrous metal sheets and plates by the oxygen cutting process. More specifically the invention relates to a method whereby an 'iron or steel sheet or plate is given a double beveled edge or a combination perpendicular and beveled edge in one opfiia tion. This method affords an economical and rapid means of uniformly shaping the edges of sheets and plates to produce an edge having two faces in angular relation to each other. The particular purpose for which edges are so prepared'is to facilitate the welding oftwo. such edges together by fusion welding Heretofore it has been the practice, when using a cutting torch to prepare such edges for welding, to maketwo separate and inclependent cuts. One cut is usually made in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the plate and the second cut is made-parallel to the edge of the first cut but in a plane at a suitable inclination to the platesurface and in such a manner as'to allow a small amount of the perpendicular cut surface to remain at the bottom of. the angular cut. lVhen two plates are'cut in this manner and the edges so out are placed in approximateabutment, a V shaped groove is left at the top of the joint (see Fig. 10). For certain classes of work this is the ideal method of prefiaration for welding, particularly when the welding is to be done from one side only. When plates are to be welded from both sides, as in the case of heavy plates, it is usually desirable that the edges of the plates be beveled on both sides to form a double V (see Fig. 11)

The invention set forth herein is a method of making simultaneously two parallel cuts ness of the metal. 0 of the cuts forms one face of the edge to be shaped, while' the other out forms the other face meeting the first at an angle. The manner in which thisis accomplished is such that the axial path of 59 the action of an oxygen jet will continue I and 3 would differ in the in planes which inteirx'gect within the thick-.

jets are delivered. Furthermore, the jets are so directed that they come reasonably. close together within the metal. This keeps the slag from the two outs fluid so that each jet continually clears itself without interference by frozen slag or oxid.

Following is a brief companying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan VIBW Of a portion of a plate showing the edge shaping cuts in process of being made, the position of the cutting nozzles making a perpendicular out being indicated by a dotted circle and afragment of the other cutting nozzle being shown in full lines.

Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views illustrating different positionings of one of thenozzles. Broken lines in these views illustrate various directions in which the jet forming the inclined cut may penetrate the metal.

Fig. i is an elevation looking in the direction of the arrow in'Fig. 1, portions only of the torch tips being shown, one in elevation and the other partly in longitudinal section. Similar elevations corresponding toFigs. 2

the inclined nozzle.

The foregoing views illustrate the shaping of an edge consisting of a beveled face and a .perpendlcular face, In these cases the'penefore-shortening of tration of the oxygen jets is from base to apex of the bevel.

Fig. '5 is .a'plan view and Fig. 6 is an elevation illustrating a form of execution in which the penetration of ,the jets is from apex to base of the bevel. I Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 illustrating the fact that the jets to form the simultaneous cuts may be delivered from the tip of a singlespecially designed torch. A

after passing through an intervening air 1 description of the an I preparatory to double V welding.

In Figs. 1 to 6 the torch tip 2 delivers from its passage 3 the oxygen jet which makes the perpendicular cut 4 in the plate 5. The numeral 6 designates the customary heating jet passages which deliver flame jets of oxygen and fuel gas. The torch tip 7 delivers the oxygen jet which makes the laterally inclined cut 8.

It will be apparent that in these and other views the two torches are to be kept in the same positions relative to each other throughout the operation and are to be moved at uniform speed in the direction of the arrows of the plan views entirely across the plate or sheet parallel with its original edge 9. Sultable means for supporting the torches in fixed relation to each other and for propelling either the torches or the work at the required even speed will be understood.

In Fig. 1 the point where the jet making the inclined cut first strikes the metal is al-' ways ahead of the breast 10 of the perpendicular cut, but the axial path 11 of the jet is inclined rearwardly as well as laterally so that it comes into the perpendicular cut 'a short distance behind said breast.

The fun" tion of the perpendicular cut is to make the perpendicular face 12 on the newedge of the plate. In Figs. 1 to 4 the perpendicular out is made completely though the thickness of themetal, and it is the lower portion of one of the walls which is preserved as the perpendicular face 12 of the shaped edge. The jet producing this cut always travels through solid metal from top to bottom of the plate. The inclined cut 8 is also not required to cross an air gap in penetrating the distance necessary to form the beveled face 13 of the new edge. 'Uncombined oxygen, of

this et enters the perpendicular cut and while it may affect the wall 14 ofthis cut it does not affect the face 12. Since the wall 14 belongs to the piece 15, which is waste, it is of no consequence whether part of it is destroyed or not, whereas it is highly important that the already formed face 12 of the new edge of the plate remain intact.

In Fig. 2 the same results are accomplished with an arrangement whereby the two jets are abreast of each other where they attack the metal-on top; but as in Fig. 1, the jet responsible for the laterally inclined cut issues into the perpendicular out behind the breast of that out.

In Fig. 3 the point of attack of the diagonal jet is behind the breast of the perpendicular cut, but its path ranges forwardly as well as laterally so as to meet the vertical cut a little behind its leading end or breast.

These arrangements are illustrative. It will be observed that the plan in all these cases is essentially the same.

In Figs. 1 to 4, as previously stated, the direction of penetration is from base to apex of the bevel. In Figs. 5 and 6 the reverse of this is true.

In this form of execution the inclined cut 8 is the one which is made all the way through the thickness of the metal, the lower portion of this cut producing the bevel face 13 of the new edge. The perpendicular cut 4 is'a shallow out which meets the inclined cut to form the perpendicular face 12 01 the new edge. The jet which makes the perpendicular cut will attack the underlying wall of the inclined cut to a greater or less extent, but does not injure. that portion of the overlying wall which forms the bevel face 13. The wall which may be so attacked is part of the waste piece 15.

In a form of the invention such as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, the breast of the inclined cut, represented by the broken lines 11 which indicate the path ofpenetration of the inclined jet, is always aheadof the breast 10 of the perpendicular out.

In F igs.- 1 to l the triangular section 16 between the cuts is waste, as is also the smaller section 16 between the cuts of Figs. 5 and 6. If this section is small enough one of the two nozzles may be simply an oxygen nozzle unprovided with heating jet passages, heating jets of one torch tip in that case being sufiicient to assist both oxygen jets in attacking the metal. Also two simple oxygen nozzles might be combined with one or more independent nozzles delivering preheating mixture.

Fig. 7 indicates the use of a single torch tip for-making the simultaneous cuts, such tip to be provided with two cutting oxygen passages in proper relation and with suitable heating jet passages.

In Figs. 8 and 9 a double bevel edge is being produced. The torch tips 2 and 7 are positioned with their extremities in laterally spaced relation as in the other forms of the method. constituting the invention, but both are inclined, reversely to each other,. at the desired angle. One of the torches, that marked 7 makes a cut 31 all the way through the metal, the path of this jet being through solid metal from top to bottom of the plate or sheet. The other oxygen jet makes a cut 32 through solid metal from the upper surface to thecut 31. The faces of the new faces neither of the oxygen jets is required to cross an air ap formed by the'other slot. Referring to Fig. 8 it will be seen that the breast of the through out 31.is always ahead of the breast of the cut 32. The pieces 15 and the triangular section 16 are waste.

While the method of the invention has been described and illustrated in connection with flat sheets and plates, it will be understood that it is equally applicable to other bent or curved sheets, and that it maybe applied to the shaping of the end edges of hollow cylindrical articles such as steel pipe sections,fin which cases the nozzle or nozzles would bepropelled in a circular course, or the pipe'section would becrotated relatively to' stationary nozzles.

"It will be understood that the views are somewhat schematic, being intended to illustrate the principles of the invention in a simple and easily comprehensible manner. The triangular sections 16, 16 and 16 would scarcely be left as shown by the advancing cuts. Sections as small as the sections 16 would naturally disappear, and sections such as those marked 16 and 16 would be more or less burned away. Likewise the waste pieces 15, 15 and 15 have'been shown as if the cuts left theni with smooth out faces, whereas actually they would be more or less attacked. The important fact is that the operation is so conducted that all damage is confined to waste portions and that the faces of the new edge are leftintact as the cuts proceed.

I claim:

1. The method of shaping the edges of ferrous metal plates and sheets to provide an edge composed of two faces in angular relation to each other, which method comprises simultaneously. advancing two cuts produced by oxygen jetsacting in planes which intersect within'the thickness of the metal.

2. The method of shaping the edges of fer. rous metal plates and sheets to provide an edge composed of two faces in angular relation to each other, which method comprises simultaneously advancing two outs produced by oxygen ets acting in planes which intersect within the thickness of the metal, the

action of each jet forming one of the faces, and maintaining the jets in such relation that each. has an-uninte'rrupted path through the metal for the formation of its face.

3. The methbd of shaping the edges of ferand maintaining the jets in such relation that one of them produces a cut entirely through the metal in order to form one of the faces while the other jet is directed so as to penetrate the metal in convergence to the'first cut.

4:. The method of shaping the edges of ferrous metal plates and sheets to provide an edge composed of two faces in angular relation to each other, which method comprises simultaneously advancing two cuts produced by oxygen jets acting in planes which intersect within the thickness of the metal, and maintaining the jets in such relation that the breast of the out which formsthe lower of the two edge faces is always in advance of the point of emergence of the jet forming the upper of the edge faces.

The method of shaping the edges of ferrous'metal plates and sheets to provide an edge composed of two faces in angular relation to each other, which method comprises sect within the thickness of the metal, and

maintaining the ets in such relation that the jet which forms the upper of the two edge faces issues into the cut produced by the jet which'forms the lower of said faces a short distance behind the breast of that cut.

6. The method of shaping the edges of ferrous metal plates and sheets to provide an edge composed of two faces in angular relation to each other, which method comprises simultanously advancing two outs produced by oxygen jets acting in planes which intersect within the thickness of the metal, and keeping the slag fluid by the closeness of approach of the oxygen jets within the metal.

HAROLD J. GROW.

rous metal plates and sheets to provide an 7 edge composed of two faces in angular relation to each other, which method .com-

prises simultaneously advancing two cuts produced by oxygen jets acting in planes which intersect within the thickness of the metal, 

